Edward S. Hume, M.D., J.D.

Wisdom and "Wisdom"---


updated 2004/04/21

Remember Jim Valvano's rule: "You don't mess with happy."

Accrued Clinical Wisdom (lower down on this page)
Rules of Thumb for Therapists
Thoughts on why EMDR works
Family Rules vs. Social Rules
(updated 2001/12/21)
Highly Recommended Reading
(updated 2002/04/29)
"Consumerism" in psychiatry
Collected "Laws"--how the world works
A new calculus for treating psychotic patients How changes in our knowledge of psychotic patients requires us to diagnose and treat them differently
Before you treat for depression, consider bipolar disorder (updated 2002/04/29)
A Parable
(posted 2002/04/26)
Knowing and Doing
A slightly lighter touch to the "wisdom"

In Medical school, there are two years learning in classrooms followed by two years of learning in practice settings (hospitals, clinics, doctors' offices). One thing you learn once you begin your "clinical" training is that there is an oral tradition --- a verbal store of lore in medical training passed on from interns and residents to students. These are usually rules of thumb (more formally, "heuristics") that help you become a better doctor. Most of them are good for all members of the health profession. I thought I would share a few with you. Have some good ones of your own? Send email to ehume at the main domain of this website, and let me know. If I use yours, it will be with full credit.   Feel free to print out and post this stuff.

Accrued Wisdom:

Loeb's Laws

Dr. Loeb was an internist from earlier in this century, and the co-author of the prestigious Cecil and Loeb textbook of medicine. These "laws" are ascribed to him. Since they are apocryphal at best, it doesn't matter if he really was their author; but they are great "laws".

  1. First of all, do no harm.
  2. If what you are doing works, keep doing it.
  3. If what you are doing doesn't work, quit doing it.
  4. (He considered this to be a corollary of his first law) Above all, never let your patient fall into the hands of a surgeon (Remember that Dr. Loeb was an internist) (It's supposed to be funny; be sure to laugh).

The Harvard Rule of Diagnosis

If you hear hoofbeats, think Zebra.

It is alleged that one night a professor of medicine at Harvard was awakened by the sound of hoofbeats. He immediately cried, "Aha! A zebra!" This rule decries the tendency we used to see for professors of medicine to focus on unlikely possibilities in finding a diagnosis for a patient's ills.

A related rule of thumb:

Common illnesses occur commonly;
uncommon illnesses occur uncommonly

And another:

Uncommon manifestations of common illnesses
occur more commonly than
common manifestations of uncommon illnesses.

(but is that really true?)


The Steroid Rule

No patient may be allowed to die without first having been given some steroids.

Sound a tad gruesome? All it says is that when I was in training, since we didn't know exactly what steroids did (and they do a lot), docs at medical centers were giving everyone in hopeless situations a dollop of steroids, just in case. In fact, before we had "science" in our medical bag, doctors always used the "let's try this" method; which is, of course how our forebears learned what medicines worked on what diseases. And ponder this frightening fact: it wasn't until 1994 that we learned just how aspirin works, after a century of use.


Patience

If it took a long time to get sick, it will take a long time to get well.


Using new medicines

Be sure to use a new medicine when it first comes out before it quits working.

This is an old rule that celebrated the fact that many or most of the older meds depended a lot on the placebo effect for their efficacy. This stayed true even after the advent of double-blind controlled studies. A more grim interpretation has been showing up lately as bacteria and viruses have developed resistances to antimicrobials.
 


The Dirty Harry Rule

"A man's got to know his limitations."

From Magnum Force. For inpatient work, this means knowing when to call a specialist. For outpatient work, this means first of all knowing that you have limitations.


Who's On First

The patient comes first.

Even though administrators, academicians and third party payors talk of depleting the medical commons, the patient comes first. Especially, the patient comes before your own convenience.

Listen to your patients

They will tell you what is wrong with them

But remember: patients lie (Fig Newton's law) --- or at least, give you information from their perspective, which may not seem "factual" from your perspective. So don't forget to talk to other people, too (but remember that families 'lie', too).

Difficult patients are people, too

Even if the patient is a "crock", and you are sure there is nothing wrong --- just imaginary problems --- do a thorough examination and appropriate workup: you are a professional, and you are paid to do examinations; do what you are paid to do (Chasanow's Challenge). And even if you have examined this patient many times before, this time, the patient just may have a real problem. After all, hypochondriacs have a somewhat longer lifespan than the rest of the population, perhaps because they get earlier attention to their real problems.

Multiple Personality Disorder

When you are "managing" inpatients or treating any patients, always remember that Multiple Personality Disorder is short for Multiple Borderline Personality Disorder (Hume's rule on MPD). This is not meant to be a put-down, but a clinical observation: the conditions that give rise to BPD are present in MPD, and if you ignore BPD dynamics in MPD, you do your patients a disservice.


Hope

Always have faith in your patient's ability to get well: every one of them has that ability, or your patient would not be coming to see you in the first place. Even involuntary patients have the capacity for change. If you have faith in your patients, they are more likely to get well. If you lose hope, it's your own countertransference talking.


The Wild Animal Theory of Mental Health

If everyone was chased around the block every morning by a wild animal,
there'd be very little mental illness.

--courtesy of my brother Shelton

Blaming it on craziness

There is a lot that is blamed on craziness that is due to stupidity. 


--from the residency of James F. Hooper, M.D., F.A.P.A.

Psychiatrists

"A psychiatrist is a fellow who asks you a lot of expensive questions your wife asks for nothing." 

-- Joey Adams b. 1911 

from Scott C. Howard, Ph.D.


Good Medicine?

"When there are many different treatments for one disease, none of them is very good."

-- Francis J. O'Brien, Ph.D., dean of Albany College of Pharmacy in the late '50s 

from John J. Coupal, Ph.D., BCNP
Nuclear Pharmacist
Lexington, Kentucky


Moderation in pursuit of phallic symbols

Sometimes a cigar is just a cigar. 

--attributed to Sigmund Freud (who never let anyone get the better of him)

Parkinson's Disease

"This thing is like rigor mortis on the installment plan" 

---Edward S. Hume, Sr., May 1997

Medical Practitioners

The neurologist knows everything but does nothing

The surgeon knows nothing but does everything

The psychiatrist knows nothing and does nothing

The pathologist knows everything and does everything, but too late

And the anesthesiologist sits on a stool all day long and passes gas.


Daily pitfall

Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence.


More from my brother:

Anyone can lie. I learn more from the people who believe them. People like that just want to hear a good story.--Shelton Hume, 2004-02-08


A cruel truth

You have to kill a few to learn anything.
(From the bad old days, right? Yeah, right)

from Scott C. Howard, Ph.D.

Non-Medical Lore (These are just sayings I like):

No matter where you go, there you are.
(I first heard this in Buckaroo Banzai --- Across the Eighth Dimension. A fine movie.)

You catch more flies with honey than you do with vinegar

If it's too good to be true, it's too good to be true.

Walking --- even running --- is done one step at a time.

ASSUME makes an ASS of U and ME.

The thing about chasing polar bears is you don't want to chase them so you can catch them.
(thanks to Daniel Pinkwater)

Discretion is the better part of valor
(From my father, a decorated war hero; but if this is such good advice, why didn't he follow it? Too young to know better?)

Don't take down a fence until you know why someone put it up
(said to be a favorite of JFK's)

Sometimes good enough really is good enough.

Birds of a feather flock together
And so will pigs and swine
Rats and mice will have their choice
And so will I have mine

(from Mother Goose)

No woman (or man) is worth fighting over, much less dying over.
(As your mama said, there's plenty fish in the sea, so "You got to shop around.")

Girls like flashy guys; women like nice men.
(I made this one)

Good social relations (including love) means learning how to say "I'm sorry."

Real Craziness
is using the same approach with people

time and time again,
failingtime and time again,

refusing to change your approach,

and expecting a different outcome.
(wisdom from A.A.)

Riding in on your White Jackass . . .
(wisdom from A.A. on rescuing)

What doesn't kill youmakes you stronger
(weightlifters' creed)

Lion's share?
Lions don't shareThey take what they want and walk away

Never put your hand or your foot where you can't see it
(Where we use to hike and climb rocks, there were rattlesnakes…)
(Edward S. Hume, Sr.)

Forgive your enemies --- but never forget their names
(Oliver North's mama)

Think about this one a minute: this "forgive and forget" stuff comes to us not from the Bible, but from marriage therapy, where one fairly well must forget infidelities as well as forgive them, or continuing a marriage would be extremely difficult. On the other hand, when someone has done something bad --- abuse a child, for example --- and has not admitted the wrong, then that person may be a serious threat because he is likely repeat the injury. No, although you may forgive someone for harming you, you do not want to expose your children or yourself to an unrepentant wrongdoer. Forget the details, maybe, but don't forget that such a person may harm someone again.

Let it go and move on. (the true lesson of The Lion King)

If you dwell on a harm, you cannot grow. Learn from the experience and put the learning to good use: avoid that particular harm in the future.

The difference between an expert and a novice:
The novice will hesitate before doing something stupid.

(thanks to Bill Wilson)

Never be afraid to try something new. Remember....
Amateurs built the Ark. Professionals built the Titanic.
(thanks to Allan Ramsay)

Take your work seriously, not yourself
(thanks to Edward S. Hume, Sr.)

If you try to solve all problems at once you will not solve any
(thanks to Jerry Pournelle)

You feel what you think; you think what you say. What you say matters.
(I realized this as I was responding to an e-mail and noted what his signature saying was)

The only long-term consequences of new technology are new ways of confronting our own humanity.
Peter W. Pruyn of Houston Texas, in a letter to Aviation Week, 2000/10/30

Power corrupts not only he who wields the power, but those who submit to it.
Louis L’Amour

He who does not expect the unexpected cannot detect it
Heraclitus

“Never apply a Star Trek solution to a Babylon 5 problem.”
(found on a bulletin board at Fermi Lab)
[But is this true? How often do we solve things and make breakthroughs by applying concepts from one discipline to another? I am reminded of the advances that former physicists produced in molecular biology, as an example.]

Simple things should be simple. Complex things should be possible
Alan Kay (thanks to Deven T. Corzine)

Hope springs eternal among the naïve
Jerry Pournelle (discussing the demise of Byte in 1998)

Try to be the kind of person your dog thinks you are.
(adapted from an Internet driftjoke)

Progress Occurs Progressively
(I realized this on 2004-04-20)

Never argue with idiots. They drag you down to their level and beat you with experience

The only problem with trouble-shooting is that sometimes trouble shoots back.
(brought to my attention by Joe Zeff)

You see what you watch, and you watch what you already know
Translation by Jenji, who says it is from "Dr Bernard (never remember his first name, the one who describes "experimental method") in late 19th century."

"Civil society depends on people behaving themselves, not being who they really are."
-- William Sjostrom

Always and never are two words you should always remember never to say. 
--Wendell Johnson



Edward S. Hume, M.D., J.D.

Website: www.pshrink.com

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